Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet - A Sane Man :: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

Hamlet: A Sane Man          Hamlet was without a doubt a rational man. He was just faking frenzy to further his own arrangements for retribution. His words were so cunningly built that others will see him as mad.  It is this steady cunning that is a definitive proof of his total rational soundness. Will a distraught individual be so sharp? No, a frantic individual can't. Hamlet is rational and splendid.           After Hamlet, Horatio, and Marcellus see the phantom, Hamlet tells Horatio that he is going to pretend frenzy. On the off chance that Horatio is to see Hamlet acting bizarre it is on the grounds that he is faking it. How peculiar or odd some'er I bear myself/(As I perchance from this point forward will figure meet/To put a prank demeanor on)/That you, at such occasions seeing, never will,/With arms burdened hence, or this headshake ,/Or by articulating of some doutful state,/As Well,well,we know, or We could an if  we/would,/Or On the off chance that we rundown to talk, or There be an in the event that they/may,/Or such questionable offering out, to note/That you are aware of me-this do swear,/(I,v,190-201).Hamlet states that from this point forward I may act bizarre however to overlook my demonstrations of frenzy for they are simply that, demonstrations, and are not the slightest bit an indication of genuine franticness. Just a rational and discerning individual could devise such an arrangement as to act crazy to persuade others that he is crazy when he really has full oversight over his mind.           Hamlet possibly acts distraught when he is within the sight of specific characters. At the point when he is around Polonius, Claudius, Gertrude, Ophelia, Rosencrantz, and Guildenstern he acts totally nonsensical. At the point when Hamlet is around Horatio, Bernardo, Fransico, the players, and the undertakers Hamlet acts totally normal.           When Hamlet and Polonius meet in II,ii Hamlet calls Polonius a fishmonger and makes unusual discussion with him. In IV,iii Hamlet declines to tell Claudius were he has shrouded the group of Polonius and goes on about how Polonius is at dinner. At the point when Hamlet experiences Gertrude in her storeroom, an unordinary place, in III,iv. He shouts at his own mom. In II,i Hamlet enters Ophelia's wardrobe, an exceptionally surprising act, he is dressed gravely, and acts abnormal towards her. Claudius and Polonius set up a secret gathering among Hamlet and Ophelia in III,i. Ophelia then attempts to restore a few presents that Hamlet provided for her and Hamlet guarantees that he didn't give her any blessings and that he never cherished her by any stretch of the imagination. During the play in III,ii Hamlet explicitly annoys Ophelia in front of the whole crowd of the play. In IV,ii Hamlet will not tell Rosencratz

Team and Social Loafing Essay

Group and Social Loafing Essay Group and Social Loafing Essay Tami Smith Educator Bailey MBA 510 30 April 2015 Social Loafing Individuals in bunches regularly don't fill in as hard as they do when alone. This is alluded to as social loafing. Group profitability frequently diminishes with the expansion of gathering individuals. An investigation by a French agrarian specialist named Max Ringelmann uncovered this hypothesis. Ringlemann was keen on the general productivity of ranch work provided by ponies, bulls, machines, and men. Specifically, he was interested about their relative capacities to pull a heap on a level plane, for example, in a back-and-forth. In one of his tests, he had gatherings of fourteen men pull a heap and estimated the measure of power they created; he likewise estimated the power that each man could pull freely. There was a straight decrease in the normal draw per part as the size of the rope-pulling group expanded. One individual pulling on a rope alone applied a normal of 63 kilograms of power. In any case, in gatherings of three. the per-individual power dropped to 53 kilograms, and in gatherings of eight, it plunged to just 31 kilograms for every individual not exactly 50% of the exertion applied by individuals working alone (Kravitz). With the consequences of the investigation by Ringlemann, when shaping groups, the group size ought to be restricted to close to ten individuals for every gathering and spotlight on similitudes of every part as this will help correspondence (Thompson 117). Individuals in bunches regularly don't fill in as hard as they do when alone and group efficiency frequently diminishes with the expansion of gathering individuals. Social loafing ought to be recognized and tended to on the grounds that it can cause a decrease in bunch attachment and it is dangerous to a team’s execution and profitability. Social loafing is well on the way to happen in enormous groups where people yield is hard to distinguish. This especially remembers circumstances for which colleagues work alone towards a typical yield pool and autonomous yield is low. Under these conditions, workers aren’t as stressed that their exhibition will be taken note. Social loafing is less inclined to happen when the assignment is fascinating, on the grounds that people have a higher characteristic inspiration to play out their obligations. It is less normal when the groups’ objective is significant, in light of the fact that people experience more weight from other colleagues to perform well. At long last social loafing is less normal among individuals with a solid aggregate worth, since they esteem bunch enrollment and put stock in progressing in the direction of gathering targets (The Trouble with Teams: Social Loafing). With bigger gatherings, individuals tend to not function as hard as when they are distant from everyone else for three reasons: dispersion of duty, a diminished feeling of self-adequacy, and the sucker impact. â€Å"In a group, an individual's exertion and commitments are less recognizable than when that individual works freely. This is on the grounds that everybody's endeavors are pooled into the group undertaking and the arrival is a component of everybody's commitment. It is hard to recognize one individual's commitment from another. At an outrageous, this can prompt deindividuation-a mental state wherein an individual doesn't feel singular obligation. Thus, the individual is less inclined to perform or contribute. This is alluded to dispersion of responsibility† (Thompson). At times, it isn't dissemination of duty that impedes individuals from adding to a collaboration, but instead the inclination that our commitments won't be as significant, effectual, or advantageous as they may be in a littler gathering. To put it plainly, we accept our commitments won't be adequate to legitimize the exertion accordingly bringing about superfluity of exertion (Thompson). Sucker variant is a typical concern held by colleagues in needing to abstain from being the just one remaining doing the entirety of the work and getting practically zero credit. Since everybody needs to abstain from being exploited, colleagues fence their endeavors and hold back to perceive what others will do. The issue is that when everybody does this, nobody contributes (Thompson).

The Witches In MacBeth Essay Summary Example For Students

The Witches In MacBeth Essay Summary The witches in Macbeth serve to propel the story, uncover human shortcoming, increase the strain and give the crowd a trace of what might be on the horizon, however they don't control Macbeth or any other person in the play. The main force they have over Macbeth is their capacity to fortify a thought that was at that point in his mind. Their job is clarified when Hecate addresses them,And which is more terrible, all you have done Hath been yet for a wayward child. ( act 3 scene 5 )She recommends that they don't have the ability to cause him to do the malevolence and wickedness that they need. Nor do they need that power. Macbeth is completely fit for doing all the wickedness and malevolence all alone. How do people control others? How might the witches control Macbeth? This should for the most part be possible by physical and additionally enthusiastic power. Dread and dangers, rewards and acclaim work to control others. These devices work to various degrees on various individuals. Such a large amount of what is called control relies upon the individual that is being controlled. The guarantee of a seat may send a few people to their knees while others will run away. At the point when the witches hold out their vows to Macbeth the main guarantee they have is an information on his desire and his requirement for power. At long last this was all they should have been certain of. They may attempt to control, however they don't have to control. The character blemishes that Macbeth has will be sufficient to fill their necessities. It is fascinating to take note of that the witches don't request anything as a byproduct of their predictions. Macbeth doesn't need to guarantee his spirit in return for any data. His spirit was at that point in a difficult situation before he met the witches. He was their intelligent decision. Toward the beginning of the play, Macbeth and Banquo are coming back from the combat zone when they meet the witches. As of now they anticipate that Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor and lord of Scotland. It is an intriguing idea and the beginning of a thought. He has battled valiantly for lord and nation, yet when the principal prescience works out as expected, and he is made Thane of Cawdor , he says to himself,The initial move toward a definitive objective, the seat. ( act 1 scene 3)If he calls a definitive objective, a seat, at that point he has been engaging this thought previously. In his life he has organized his aspirations, and the title of ruler is the thing that he thinks about the most elevated advance. As a courageous a noteworthy pioneer of the lords armed force, shouldnt his most significant standard be to serve? As a noteworthy man with solid ethics shouldnt his definitive objective be a good life and a glorious reward?Ambition drives Macbeth. He just needs the proposals of things that may be his to push him on. There is no feeling of good option to keep him from murder. He wavers simply because he fears the natural outcomes not on the grounds that it would be wicked. - If the death could trummel up the results. - But in these cases we despite everything have judgment here. ( act 1scene 7)He doesn't understand that his battle isn't against malicious yet for good. The witches don't order Macbeth to slaughter Duncan or any other person. Themurder of his lord is his choice. This is the main way that he can see to arrive at his Ultimate Goal. One homicide prompts another. Macbeth has spun a web that has caught him in a suspicious wreckage. Before long he accepts that everybody is out to get him. Double crossers are behind each stone in his stronghold. He has no believed companions left, and even his significant other has fallen into a pit of franticness. The best way to manage this is to slaughter and murder once more. He should realize what's in store for him, and again he goes to the witches. Perhaps they can console him. .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 , .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 .postImageUrl , .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 , .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29:hover , .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29:visited , .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29:active { border:0!important; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29:active , .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29:hover { darkness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u50574dc0ac2 21f20933303f82b2fea29 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u50574dc0ac221f20933303f82b2fea29:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Theme in The Secret Life of Walter Mitty EssayAt this phase of the play, Macbeth is in urgent need of some proportion of security. The witches are very much glad to oblige. Theyll give him exactly what he needs nearly. Hecate has estimated Macbeths shortcoming when she tells the three witches: Is humans chiefest foe. ( act 3 scene 5 )Now they instruct him to be careful Macduff, that no man conceived of lady will hurt him, and that he won't be beaten until Birnum Woods walks on his château. Macbeth is consoled. By what method can a man not be conceived of lady, and woods don't walk. He has heard exactly what he needed to hear. The last two admonitions are what he thinks about and he everything except excuses the first:Macbeth, Macbeth, Macbeth! Be careful Macduff. Be careful the Thane of Fife! ( act 4 scene 1 )Had he listened cautiously to the principal notice, he undoubtably would have figured out how to execute Macduff. Be that as it may, again the witches have given Macbeth whatTime and once more, the witches show up in the play. They caution, foresee and entice, yet they don't control Macbeth. There is no spell thrown over him, no arrangements are made or deals made. He is the ace of his own de stiny. He controls his own life. The choices are his just as the transgressions of his deeds. He is the ace of his own destiny regardless of how horrifying that ended up being. The witches spread out before Macbeth huge numbers of the enticements that anticipate humanity. How these allurements are delt with relies upon keeps an eye on character and good quality. While the witches enticed, and Lady Macbeth schemed, it was at last dependent upon Macbeth to state, No and set aside the blade. Reference index:

What is the importance of Criminal Profiling free essay sample

Criminal Profiling is an extraordinary method to attempt to comprehend the suspect as an individual. It is important to realize who the individual is so as to follow and find them. The people data is imperative to an examination. Things, for example, propensities, history of viciousness, family, instruction, plans/schedules, and character qualities Just to give some examples. This new advancement of researching is useful in acquiring outlaws speedier. Law requirement is attempting to be increasingly effective by empowering change. Staying aware of criminal personalities is acceptable approach to remain in front of their criminal intentions.Criminal Profiling is otherwise called Criminal Investigative Analysis is a device utilized by law authorization which comprises of dissecting the wrongdoing scene and utilizing the data to decide the character of the culprit. Criminal Profiling distinguishes the culprit or an obscure subject of the wrongdoing dependent on an investigation of the idea of the wrongdoing and way in which it was carried out. We will compose a custom article test on What is the significance of Criminal Profiling? or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page By examining data at the wrongdoing scene, law authorization offices can make a profile of important data that is helpful. A criminal profile may incorporate physical traits, for example, sex, age, ethnic terrace, tallness and weight. They likewise can discover character traits, for example, mental sicknesses, confidence, propensities, regret or blame and forcefulness. Utilizing these strategies permits law implementation to be progressively effective and gainful. Law authorization can comprehend an assortment of violations including manslaughter, rape, blackmail and capturing. While fire settings, desire/mutilation murders, assault and mysterious wrongdoings are viewed as generally reasonable for profiling. [Thompson] The sources of criminal profiling can be followed back to the early backtalk, Jacob Fries, Cesar Limbos, Alphorns Aberration, Hans Gross, Ernest Seersucker and others.All father little commitments to the current day field. [1] Profiles are created by profilers that have experienced school and they may even have a discerning route about them. At the point when I consider criminal profiling my first idea is a riddle. Putting the pieces they have before them together or examining every last bit of the wrongdoing scene all together not to miss any critical bit of proof. Proof at a wrongdoing scene can be has little as a hair or fiber from attire. History of this calling may have begun with a profile made by DRP. James A. Brussels.He was brought in to counsel on a case including a progression of occasions that took trim in New York. In November of 1940 a channel bomb was found at Consolidated Edison, which opened a case that spread over sixteen years and included in excess of thirty concealed bombs. At the point when Brussels was approached to help, he made a profile that in the long run prompted the capture of the crook. Headway of the calling happened in 1972 when the Federal Bureau of Investigation made the Behavioral Science Unit (IBIS). [Simon] There is no compulsory instructive necessity for a criminal profiler.Individuals intrigued by this vocation may start with a college degree in criminology, criminal Justice, legal sciences or brain research. The FBI has made it realized that there is no immediate vocation way and no profiling position in essence. Specialists who play out this sort of work are appointed to the National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime (NCAA). Their Jobs include making profiles and giving case the board counseling to other law authorization offices. Propelled degrees that fall in the favored capabilities classification for the sort of work are viewed as in conduct or criminological science.Criminal profiling starts with a top to bottom investigation of wrongdoing. Profilers normally need an advanced education and specific preparing. Profilers work wrongdoing cases y breaking down information, in this way recognizing an interfacing join between what happens at the scene and the conceivable quality of the culprit. Criminal profilers likewise deal with cold cases. [Winemaker] In 1972, the FBI shaped its Behavioral Science Unit to research sequential assault and crime cases. From 1976 to 1979, a few FBI specialists most broadly John Douglas and Robert Resellers met 36 sequential killers to create hypotheses and classifications of various sorts of offenders.Most outstandingly, they built up the possibility of the composed/complicated division: Organized violations are planned and sadly arranged, so little proof is found at the scene. Sorted out hoodlums, as per the grouping plan, are solitary yet know directly from wrong, are not crazy and show no regret. Scattered wrongdoings, conversely, are not arranged, and lawbreakers leave such proof as fingerprints and blood. Disrupted lawbreakers might be youthful, affected by liquor or drugs, or intellectually ill.Over the past 25 years, the Behavioral Science Unit has additionally built up the Bis profiling process-?including refining the sorted out/complicated polarity into a continuum ND creating other order plans. The essential reason is that conduct reflects character, clarifies resigned FBI specialist Gregg McCrae. In a manslaughter case, for instance, FBI specialists gather understanding into character through inquiries regarding the killers conduct at four wrongdoing stages: Antecedent: What dream or plan, or both, did the killer have set up before the act?What set off the killer to act a few days and not others? Technique and way: What sort of casualty or casualties did the killer select? What was the strategy and way of homicide: shooting, wounding, strangulation or something different? Body removal: Did the homicide and body removal happen all at one scene, or numerous scenes? Post offense conduct: Is simply the killer attempting to infuse into the examination by responding to media reports or reaching specialists? An assault case is broke down similarly, yet with the extra data that originates from a living victim.Everything about the wrongdoing, from the sexual demonstrations the attacker powers on the casualty to the request in which theyre performed, offers a piece of information about the culprit, McCrae says. Guilty party profiling. Quite a bit of this work originates from applied analyst David Canter, PhD, who mounded the field of insightful brain science in the early backtalk and now runs the Center for Investigative Psychology at the University of Liverpool. Analytical brain research, Canter says, incorporates numerous regions where brain science can add to examinations including profiling.The objective of insightful psychologys type of profiling, similar to all profiling, is to surmise attributes of a criminal dependent on their conduct during the wrongdoing. Yet, Canter says, the key is that those deductions should originate from experimental, peer-checked on inquire about not really from analytical experience. For instance, Canter and his partners as of late examined wrongdoing scene information from 100 sequential crimes to test the Bis sorted out/disrupted model.Their results, which will be distributed in an up and coming issue of Papas Psychology, Public Policy and Law, demonstrate that, as opposed to some prior discoveries, practically all sequential killers give some degree of association. Sorted out practices like situating or disguising a casualties body are the center factors that will in general appear most regularly and co-happen with different factors frequently, he found. The inclinations between killers, the analysts state, rather lie in the sorts of disordered practices they show.

Jalen Walker 2016 Best and Brightest

Jalen Walker: 2016 Best and Brightest by: Jeff Schmitt on December 07, 2015 | 0 Comments Comments 1,232 Views December 7, 2015Jalen WalkerIndiana University, Kelley School of BusinessHometown: Fort Wayne, IndianaHigh School: Carroll High SchoolMajor: MarketingMinor: Education PolicyFavorite Business Courses: Consumer Behavior; Business Issues in the European Union; Business, Government, SocietyExtracurricular Activities, Community Work and Leadership Roles During College: Kelley Scholarship recipient; Hudson Holland Scholar; IU Achievement Scholar; Hutton Honors College member; Kelley School of Business Honors Program; Kelley Consulting Workshop member; Kelley Student Government (Vice President – 2013-2015); Indiana University Student Association (Chief of Marketing, campaign Chief of Policy, intern to Vice President); Kelley School of Business dedication ceremony student speaker; Kelley Tour Guide and student host; Citi Hong Kong International Case Competition semi-fina list; Wright Quad Student Government (Vice Governor); Student Board Member – IU Trustees’ Committee on Residence; Student Board Member – Bloomington Faculty Council: Sub-Committee for Course Evaluations; London study abroad participant; USA Today College Correspondent; Undergraduate Business School Leadership Conference attendee; Christian Student Fellowship member; IU Scholarship Advisory Committee memberWhere have you interned during your college career? Leerfield Communications, IU Sports Property Division, Bloomington, IN: Marketing InternMcKinsey Company, Chicago, IL: Sophomore Diversity Leadership InternMcKinsey Company, Chicago, IL: Summer Business AnalystNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Remote: Economic Development InternDescribe your dream job: The pipedream would be a travel writer; getting paid to see the world! More realistically, I would love to work in the US State Department one day. Foreign policy offers some of the most di fficult and rewarding problems to solve for our generation.What did you enjoy most about majoring in a business-related field? I loved being able to work on real-life projects with groups. I got to learn what really works, but also have a great time locked away with a group for hours on end!Where would you like to work after graduation?  I have accepted a full time offer with McKinsey Company as a Business Analyst in Chicago.What are your long-term professional goals? I want to eventually be the head of a brand for a company. It would be a great opportunity to control the major marketing decisions, but also get exposed to managing a mini-PL. I’m hoping to work in the Federal government, particularly on education issues or foreign policy and trade. I want to always be working on whatever are the biggest problems to solve.â€Å"I knew I wanted to major in business when†¦I saw the Nike â€Å"My Better is Better† ad. I thought making commercials like that would be incredible. Now, here I am as a Marketing major.†Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"If I didn’t major in business, I would be†¦a middle school teacher and swim coach.†Ã‚  What was the happiest moment of your life? September 4th, 2015. I got engaged to my girlfriend of 5+ years!Which academic or personal achievement are you most proud of? Getting the chance to speak at the dedication ceremony of our new business school last fall was huge for me. I was honored to be asked and excited to talk about what Kelley has meant for me as a student.What animal would you choose to represent your professional brand? – A Quokka. Quokka’s are the happiest animals in the world, and I’m known to stay smiling and calm even in tough situations.Who would you most want to thank for your success? – My parents. They let me talk their ear off with questions when I was young (sorry Mom!), which helped foster a curiosity in me which I still have today. They enabled me to travel th e world, to live on my own in Chicago, and to pursue things that I loved.Fun fact about yourself: I was formerly on a roller-blade speed skating team, which I quit when a friend’s little sister beat me in a race.Favorite book: The Secret History by Donna TarttFavorite movie: ElfFavorite musical performer: Leon BridgesFavorite vacation spot: Barcelona, SpainWhat are your hobbies? Intramural basketball, reading (love neuroscience books), traveling, and swimmingWhat made Jalen such an invaluable addition to the Class of 2016?â€Å"I am excited to introduce you to an exemplary undergraduate senior business student who I believe embodies the key values of PoetsQuants and qualifies as one of the Best and Brightest Graduates of 2016, Jalen Walker. Jalen was my student in the Kelley School of Business at Indiana University on our main campus in Bloomington, Indiana in the C205: Business Communication Honors course in the spring of 2013.In C205, Jalen proved himself an academic stand out who daily demonstrated personal accountability, patient leadership, and strong character. He earned high grades in my challenging course as he demonstrated strengths in research, argument, professional writing, persuasive speaking, and outstanding team leadership. I learned about his effective leadership through observation, interactions, and reading feedback from his teammates, learning that Jalen is an active listener who is sensitive to the needs of each teammate, adept at hearing people out, and leading a team to develop both cohesion and good ideas.Jalen continues his impact on Kelley as a senior through his many leadership roles on campus, including his roles on student government and advisor to our Dean, yet I am most impressed by his active informal mentorship of dozens of underclassmen, including 8-10 dedicated mentees whom he coaches frequently each week to develop expertise in organization, time management, patience, leadership, and academic achievement.This semester, Jalen Walker accepted a rare full-time consulting offer from McKinsey Company; his recruiters cited specifically Jalen’s noticeable intelligence combined with impactful problem solving and mature, skilled client coaching. He excels in offering and accepting feedback, a result of a humble nature and admirable character he’s developed since his young years learning from his father and mother’s guidance.I believe Jalen Walker stands out among our honors-level business students at IU’s Kelley School of Business, a feat in itself, and I believe he will serve well as a representative of Poets Quants’ Best and Brightest Graduates of 2016.†Jeanette Heidewald Senior Lecturer, CPCS Business Communication Kelley School of Business, Indiana University Page 1 of 11

Nelson Mandela Essay - 825 Words

Nelson Mandela (Essay Sample) Content: Nelson MandelaJeremiah PresleyAcademic Experts Application Sample2nd September, 2013 Nelson MandelaWhen you think of the most famous people in the world Nelson Mandela is one of the names that come up. In my opinion being famous as a person depicts love, honesty, dedication and peace in everything you do for the whole world to appreciate. Nelson Madiba Mandela has shown all these characteristics as he is recognized as a major inspirational and political figure all over world. Born in 18 July 1918, he rose to become a leading lawyer and politician as well as a role model to masses of people all around the world. A member Xhosas Thembu royal family, Nelson Mandela became a household name among the South African community due to the vast intelligence and knowledge he had. He went on to study law and was among the first African lawyers in the country at that time. According to Magoon (2008), he was also among the founders of the Youth League which he formed right after he joined ANC. He therefore joined the anti-colonial campaigns and was repeatedly arrested for his direct approach on racial oppression and his philosophy of equality among all races. His vibrant character gained him popularity and fame among the black people not only in South Africa but also all over Africa. Nelson Mandela however got arrested and prosecuted for treason from 1956 to 1961 but found not guilty. He later got arrested again in 1962 for sabotage. Mandela was controversially sentenced to prison for life, though he was released 27 years later. This sentence seemed rather harsh and it drew attention from all over the world (Mandela Clark, 1993). The sentence is considered by many as the main reason Nelson Mandela became famous as the world protested and pressured the existing apartheid government to release him. The United Nations(UN) also came in and placed sanctions on the government effectively forcing Nelson Mandelas releasein 1990. This release was greeted with celebr ations of hope among the oppressed Africans making Nelson Mandela famous as a national hero among the South Africans and the world (Brown, Hort, 2006).Nelson Mandela is also famous for preaching peace, love and unity among the South Africans as well as the world. He urged the oppressed Africans and other minority races in the South Africa to forgive the apartheid government and support his philosophy of peace, love and unity as the crucial pillars of a successful government. This noble display of maturity was met with critical acclaim by the other leaders all over the world.A Nobelpeace prize was deservedly awarded to the intelligent and inspirational Nelson Mandela for his actions in 1993. His other honors included the Soviet Order of Lenin and the United States Presidential Medal Of Freedom (Degnan-Veness, 2001). This boosted Nelson Mandelas recognition all over the world as well as the need for a black president in South Africa which would end the Apartheid rule.Nelson Mandela w as elected as the first president in South Africa elected through a fair democratic system. He was crucial in uniting a nation torn by racial and tribal disputes which he did expertly. His government saw South Africa develop r...

What Is Judicial Restraint Definition and Examples

Judicial restraint is a legal term that describes a type of judicial interpretation that emphasizes the limited nature of the courts power. Judicial restraint asks judges to base their decisions solely on the concept of  stare decisis, an obligation of the court to honor previous decisions. The Concept of Stare Decisis This term is more commonly known  as precedent. Whether youve had experiences in court or youve seen it on television, attorneys often fall back on precedents in their arguments to the court. If Judge X ruled in such and such a way in 1973, the current judge should certainly take that into consideration and rule that way as well. The legal term stare decisis means to stand by things decided in Latin.   Judges often refer to this concept as well when theyre explaining their findings, as if to say, You may not like this decision, but Im not the first to reach this conclusion. Even  Supreme Court  justices have been known to rely on the idea of stare decisis.   Of course, critics argue that just because a court has decided in a certain  way in the past, it doesnt necessarily follow that that decision was correct. Former Chief Justice William Rehnquist once said that state ​decisis is not an inexorable command. Judges and justices are slow to ignore precedent regardless.  According to  Time Magazine,  William Rehnquist  also held himself out as an apostle of judicial restraint. The Correlation With Judicial Restraint Judicial restraint offers very little leeway from stare decisis, and conservative judges often employ both when deciding cases unless the law is clearly unconstitutional. The concept of judicial restraint applies most commonly at the Supreme Court level. This is the court that has the power to repeal or wipe out laws that for one reason or another have not stood the test of time and are no longer workable, fair or constitutional. These decisions all come down to each justices interpretation of the law and can be a matter of opinion, which is where judicial restraint comes in. When in doubt, dont change anything. Stick with precedents and existing interpretations. Do not strike down a law that previous courts have upheld before.   Judicial Restraint vs. Judicial Activism Judicial restraint is the opposite of judicial activism in that it seeks to limit the power of judges to create new laws or policy.  Judicial activism  implies that a judge is falling back more on his personal interpretation of a law than on precedent. He allows his own personal perceptions to bleed into his decisions.   In most cases, the judicially restrained judge will decide a case  in such a way as to uphold the law established by Congress. Jurists who practice judicial restraint show solemn respect for the separation of governmental problems.  Strict constructionism is one type of legal philosophy espoused by judicially restrained judges.

Hamlet- Suicide Essay - 2453 Words

William Shakespeares Hamlet- Signifying Death Regardless of a persons age or literary preference it is undeniable that William Shakespeare had a flair for composing dramatic tragedies. Tragedy, when evident is a powerful underlining theme which portrays the qualities of the human capacity. In one of Shakespeares most brilliant plays, Hamlet, tragedy is portrayed through the protagonists constant contemplation of suicide. Shakespeare often alludes to powerful images of death by using pathos and bereavement in life to be inconsequential. In the play, Hamlet, William Shakespeare produces a tragedy which illustrates the suggestion of suicide and the imagery of death as solutions to problems through Ophelias demise, the minor†¦show more content†¦After ending her relationship with Hamlet, and having her father killed by her previous lover, Ophelias character begins to change. A flower can resemble Ophelias character; for even the most beautiful flower can be deceiving, and this i s first seen in her character as a calm, delicate, and a controlled young lady (1.3.45-51 136). Once her father passes away and Hamlet is out of reach her state of being becomes confused, ill, insane and bitter (4.5.46-64). Ophelia starts wearing flowers like rosemary which is to be worn in memory (4.5.173). It is evident by the course of events that Ophelia commits suicide and her demise results from her own actions. Secondly, throughout Denmark inevitable justice is proficient with the minor characters that shape the reflection of death. One of the first minor characters that play a major role to reflect death is Horatio. Horatio is the definition of a true friend. He remains a complex character that is honest and loyal to his companion Hamlet (3.2.56-57). By the end of the play, Laertes stabs Hamlet with a poisonous sword (5.2.387-89). Dearly honoured by Hamlet, Horatio insists on drinking what is left from the poisonous cup which killed Gertrude (5.2.330-32). In act five, scene two Horatio declares to Hamlet that he will drink the poison; an act of committing suicide indicating how deeply he is moved by Hamlet suffering (5.2.331) Horatio states Never believe it: I am more anShow MoreRelatedEssay on Suicide in Hamlet1624 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet, suicide is an important and continuous theme throughout the play. Hamlet is the main character who contemplates the thought of suicide many different times throughout the play, since the murder of his father. Hamlet weighs the advantages of leaving his miserable life with the living, for possibly a better but unknown life with the dead. Hamlet seriously contemplates suicide, but decides against it, mainly because it is a mortal sin against God. Hamlet continues to sayRead MoreSuicide Soliloquy in Hamlet Essay1210 Words   |  5 Pages William Shakespeare is a famous English playwright. His play Hamlet centers around Hamlets decision on how to seek revenge for his father’s death. However, Hamlet is unsure of what course of action he wants to take to exact his revenge. He discusses the idea of suicide as a possible option in his â€Å"To be or not to be† soliloquy. In this soliloquy, Shakespeare uses metaphors, rhetorical questions, and repetition to express Hamlet’s indecision regarding what he should do. Shakespeare uses metaphorsRead MoreEssay about Suicide in Hamlet1448 Words   |  6 PagesIn Shakespeare’s Hamlet, suicide is treated differently on the aspects of religion, morals, and philosophical views. Suicide is the act of deliberately killing yourself in contrary to your own best interests. In today’s society suicide is highly looked down upon. But Shakespeare used suicide and violence in almost all of his most popular plays. Many of his tragedies used the element of suicide, some accomplished, others merely contemplated. Shakespeare used suicide as a dramatic device. A character’sRead More Death and Suicide in Hamlet by William Shakespeare1100 Words   |  5 PagesSuicide, originating from the Latin phrase sui cadere, â€Å"to kill oneself†, is one of the top leading causes of death worldwide. Every year, more than a million people commit suicide, successfully ending whatever feelings of despair, pressure, or suffering they felt when alive. Yet statistics show that the number of nonfatal suicide attempts exceeds that of actual completed suicides. Failed attempts of taking one’s own life reveal the deep, undermining uncertainties humans have about death. Such inquiriesRead MoreEssay about Suicide in William Shakespeares Hamlet2962 Words   |  12 PagesSuicide in William Shakespeares Hamlet In two of his soliloquies, Hamlet questions whether life is worth living. With characteristic ambiguity and indecision, he wavers as he considers both the Christian and the classical perspectives on suicide. Much of the debate surrounding Shakespeare’s treatment of suicide in Hamlet develops from interpretations of those soliloquies. Focusing primarily on his most famous soliloquy at the start of act three, much critical debate has arisen over the subjectRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Suicide And Selfhood Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"This above all, to thine own self be true† (Shakespeare 1.3.78)--suicide and selfhood: two issues that Hamlet ruminates on throughout Hamlet. Shakespeare reveals the connection between these two ideas through his references to Christianity throughout the play. By juxtaposing characters’ treatment of suicide and murder--two equally grave sins in a world governed by Christian morals--Shakespeare presents suicide a s the greater sin because it represents something worse: the annihilation of the selfRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - The Contemplation Of Suicide And Murder1941 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare’s Hamlet, the protagonist: Hamlet, contrasts the ideas of life and death to understand whether life is worth living with all the pain one must endure. Hamlet battles an internal struggle throughout the play to decide if suicide is the correct method to alleviate his hardship and dismay, or if he should face the daunting task of avenging his father’s death. The struggle Hamlet is faced with leads him to debate suicide in his â€Å"To be, or not to be† soliloquy. The contemplation of suicide and murderRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet As A Play That Contains Frequent Meditations On Suicide Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pages(Shakespeare 3.1.56). Audiences know Shakespeare’s Hamlet as a play that contains frequent meditations on suicide, yet despite suicideà ¢â‚¬â„¢s obvious religious connections, audiences do not often consider how religion as a whole functions within the play. This lack of awareness partially results from the subtlety of many of Hamlet’s religious elements. Through his religious references and the resulting emphasis on the gravity of the sins of murder and suicide, Shakespeare clarifies the contradictory attitudeRead MoreThe Significance of Suicide in Hamlet1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe Significance of Suicide in Hamlet The concept of suicide is one that is greatly contemplated and discussed by Hamlet and other characters in William Shakespeares play. It can be seen through two of Hamlets soliloquies and his overall demeanor throughout the play. Hamlet has many issues that he must deal with such as the death of his father and the marriage of his uncle and mother. These two incidents led Hamlet to consider the extreme act of suicide to escape the fate that he had been bestowedRead MoreTheme Of Suicide In Hamlet1443 Words   |  6 Pageslost, do not give up. Because if you choose suicide, you will never live to see it get worse, however, you also pass up the chance to see life get better. Suicide is an important, recurring theme in William Shakespeares, Hamlet, and it is a topic that Hamlet contemplates quite often throughout the play. Hamlet often goes back and forth between to be or not to be, but continues to believe that people although capable of suicide, choose to live. Hamlet is adamant that t he unknown, the inconclusiveness

Creating The Positive Learning Environment - 1871 Words

To create the positive learning environment that is needed in classrooms today, a teacher needs to have good classroom management. When you think of classroom management, what usually comes up is school discipline. For a school to create a safe learning environment and culture that makes students feel welcome, school discipline management needs to be effective. Administrators are usually the school personnel involved with maintaining school discipline. Studies have shown that administrators in charge of school discipline need to flexible, and it is that type of management of discipline that is more favorable than the zero tolerance policy that some schools use. Discipline in the schools today is much different than twenty-five or thirty-five years ago. Back in the day, parents allowed teachers to give stiff punishments to their children because their thought process was that teachers can make students learn when they are afraid (Thangarajathi Joel, 2010). However, society now has a different point of view on harsh discipline. Discipline or the lack of it in a school or classroom is a reason why teachers leave the profession. It is important to note that discipline is about structure and choice, and not punishment (Pass, 2007). When you think about discipline in that manner, it is vital that teachers and administrators have a plan in place that allows students to use their critical thinking skills when making choices. School discipline and the thoughts on how it should beShow MoreRelatedCreating A Positive Learning Environment1129 Words   |  5 PagesPRACTICE Creating a positive learning environment Whilst the role I hold is one of educator, for the learner to feel safe in their relationship with me as their teacher, I need to convey my strong concern for them as a person, not just in what they are learning. I will speak to each student respectfully and model the same using language that is empathetic and positively framed. I will also engage with the student beyond the classroom and show interest in their concerns and passions. I also feelRead MoreCreating a Positive Learning Environment Essay1068 Words   |  5 PagesResearch shows that the learning environment encompasses more than just the classroom that learning and teaching takes place. Many factors contribute to a learning environment, including the students, teachers, parents, school staff, policy makers, specialists, support staff, community members and the different learning spaces and resources available. This reflective journal will discuss some ways that teachers can set up the learning environment to maximise tea ching and learning and some potential advantagesRead MoreCreating A Positive Learning Environment With High Expectations2538 Words   |  11 Pages I believe that creating a positive learning environment with high expectations will create a successful classroom. 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Is Sexism Becoming A More Controversial Subject - 1153 Words

In this day and age, sexism is becoming a more controversial subject. With gender roles being portrayed in the wrong way based off of gender stereotypes, there is a lot to be changed. This shows that individuals are deeply affected by the gender stereotypes explained in textbooks given to students to study from. There are many effects including, students are taught to think a certain way. Females are specifically affected because they are directly treated unfairly. Lastly, males have been shown to be more favored in classroom settings. With this in mind, people are genuinely affected by the gender stereotypes depicted in scientific textbooks, whether it is realized or not. Throughout society there are several different occasions where†¦show more content†¦The stereotypes imply not only that female biological processes are less worthy than their male counterparts but also that women are less worthy than men.† (Martin 237). Due to the common stereotypes depicted in several educational textbooks, several studies have been done to see the effects of the gender stereotypes. A Study in Kenya was performed where scientists developed a textbook that purposefully had gender stereotypes, to see how readers would react. The males in the textbook were given more business related occupations, while the females were given more teaching related jobs. The students in the study were randomly asked to point out from the illustrations in the selected textbooks, which characters they would have liked to identify with. The results show that 95.0 percent of the respondents indicated that they would have identified with characters of their own gender. Only 5 percent of the respondents indicated they would have identified with characters of either gender in the textbooks. This analysis indicates that pupils were more inclined to imitate characters and activities illustrated in the textbooks by people of their gender. This ba sically just shows that children learn early in life of what the society’s expectations and standards for girls and boys. They also learn the gender code,

Avoiding Common Nursing Errors

Question: Describe about the Avoiding Common Nursing Errors? Answer: Abstract The quantitative research study conducted with the intent to analyze the competence and knowledgebase of nursing professionals in executing nasogastric (NG) intubation to patients in the clinical setting. The study also evaluated the efficiency of nurses in maintaining nasogastric tube following its insertion to the patients requiring enteral feeding or aspiration. The randomized study limited to the timeframe of three weeks and attempted to include 40 registered nurses working in the intensive care unit of Bankstown Hospital for obtaining their responses in terms of questionnaire disseminated to evaluate the degree of competence among nursing professionals in context to administering nasogastric tube insertion to the patients population. The research questionnaire encapsulated in sealed envelopes and distributed to the lockers of registered nurses for processing and retrieved within the stipulated timeframe for analysis. The responses in the questionnaire statistically analyzed and confirmed that majority of the research participants confident in administering nasogastric tube (NGT) to the patients requiring enteral feeding. Furthermore, the study subjects displayed the experience and potential in terms of aspirating and flushing the NGT. The nursing professionals also shared their willingness in attending educational sessions to further improve their efficiency and skills in context to nasogastric intubation for enteral purposes. Keywords: Nasogastric, NGT, Nurses, questionnaire, enteral, flushing, feeding, aspiration Clinical Study Report The NGT insertion executed with the intent of accessing the stomach to drain its content, decompress the gastric region or perform gastric sampling while creating a passage through the gastrointestinal tract. This intubation indeed proceeded to initiate enteral feeding in cases of gastrointestinal morbidities including small bowel obstruction, postoperative ileus, and gastric paralysis (Guenter Silkroski, 2001, p. 155). Furthermore, failure to thrive, intestinal malabsorption and feeding aversion include some of the clinical comorbidities warranting insertion of nasogastric tube as evidenced by the clinical literature. The other requirement of NGT insertion relates to gastric lavage in cases of drug intoxication or traumatic conditions. The NG intubation is a well known clinical intervention employed in cases of gastrointestinal abnormalities for preventing aspiration of contents and vomiting following the enteral feeding. The nasogastric intubation is advantageous in the assessment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage in context to devising therapeutic or surgical interventions following the nasogastric evaluation. However, the contraindications regarding NGT insertion require careful assessment in context to patients clinical complexity to avoid potential complications following the nasogastric intervention. These contraindications include coagulopathy, nasal obstruction, esophageal stenosis and patients reluctance in undergoing nasogastric intervention following the clinical requirement (Kirby Dudrick, 1994, p. 90). The complications following the insertion of NGT include clogging, nasal trauma, aspiration, pneumothorax, otitis media, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, reflux esophagitis, otitis media and tube dislodgement as evidenced by the clinical literature. The nursing professionals require in depth knowledge of the NG intubation and probable complications in efficiently administering feed or medication to the respective patients. Furthermore, the necessary prec autions including utilization of gloves, masks and gown warranted in context to avoiding contact with the body fluids of patients or handling traumatic conditions during NG intubation. The clinical study conducted with the intent to analyze the competence of registered nurse professionals in terms of administering nasogastric tube and rendering its maintenance to ascertain error free provision of feeding or medication to the required patients population. Literature Review The basic equipments necessary to execute insertion of nasogastric tube include adhesive tape, lubricant, and syringe for catheter tip irrigation, nasogastric tube, drainage device, purified water, pH indicator strips, emesis basin and personal protective equipment (Kowalak, 2009, p. 659-660). The nursing professionals expected to gain expertise and competence for ensuring adequate placement of the NG tube prior to initiation of feeding or medication administration following the instructions by the physician. Its highly necessary for the qualified nurses to carefully analyze the physicians orders and descriptive protocol in context to the medical necessity to efficiently administer nasogastric tube to the target population (Rosdahl Kowalski, 2003, p. 351). Indeed, effective communication between the nurses and patients required to retain confidentiality and avoid deviation from safety protocols while rendering nasogastric intubation. The clinical literature reveals diarrhea and abdo minal distension as some of the most common symptoms experienced by patients undergoing enteral feeding through nasogastric tube (Bullock et al, p. 424). The qualified registered nurses require attaining expertise and knowledge in context to managing these common symptoms following the NG intubation. Baillie (2014:p.491) discusses the clinical protocol for administering nasogastric tube to the required candidates. Indeed, the nasogastric intubation requires execution with the approval of patients consulting physician in accordance with the clinical rationale described in the medical report. Indeed, the outcomes of the nasogastric intubation require careful monitoring to evaluate the successful administration of NG tube by the rendering nurse professional (Altman, 2010, p. 707). The research study conducted by Lee Mason (2013) evaluated the knowledge and competence of medical undergraduates in terms of inserting NG tubes to the patients. The results of the study indicated the lack o f confidence and knowledge among doctors in context to enteral feeding by the nasogastric tube, thereby warranting the need for conducting training sessions and workshops for the physicians to disseminate information regarding NG insertion in accordance with the clinical scenarios. Indeed, the physicians awareness in context to the technicalities of NGT insertion is highly required to avoid misplacement of the tube into respiratory tract resulting in life threatening morbidities including pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage and aspiration pneumonia. Fitzpatrick Wallace (2012, p. 151) describe errors reported in context to inappropriate placement of NG tube, as evidenced by research studies. The clinical studies reveal the reported cases of intestinal malabsorption following erroneous placement of NG tube in patients duodenum resulting in abnormal weight gain and diarrhea. Indeed, the monitoring of nasogastric intubation between intervals of feeding and medication administration warr anted to rule out complications in context to tubal administration. Hopp Rittenmeyer (p. 274) emphasize the need for radiographic validation to ensure proper placement of nasogastric tube. Contrarily, the induction of positional change of NG tube warranted to ascertain appropriate tubal placement for avoiding any possibility of clogging or aspiration pneumonia. The lab analysis of the tubal aspirate in terms of consistency and color also provides some clue about the probable misplacement requiring immediate medical intervention. Mills (2006, p. 179) describes the requirement of NG tube insertion for administering medications during the postoperative period. The clinical literature recommends placing the patients in low Fowlers position for inserting NG tube during the postoperative care. Tollefson (2004, p. 117) describes the procedure for NG tube insertion and psychomotor skills warranted by the healthcare professionals to ensure safe and uncomplicated intubation to the required p atients. The clinical studies reveal the short-term requirement of nasogastric tube for enteral feeding in the clinical setting (Fabbro et al, 2010, p. 262). Indeed, frequent malposition of the NG tubes result in feeding mismanagement and adverse influence on the social functioning of the treated population. Therefore, careful administration of NG tube is imperative in avoiding potential complications arising due to tubal mismanagement by the nursing professionals. Furthermore, the adequate looping of the taped bridle around the nasogastric tube assists in tubal feeding and generating confidence in nurses in context to reducing the probability of feeding inadequacy due to inappropriate intubation. The quantitative research study conducted by Indiana University School of Nursing (2008) evaluated the competence of nursing professionals in terms of assessment of methods employed for nasogastric intubation to the patients population. The study revealed the practice of NEX (Nose-Ear-Xiph oid) method by several nursing professionals for NG intubation. However, few nurses utilized protocol related to pH testing and aspiration of gastric contents in context to evidence based practice to ensure appropriate placement of tubes to the target patients. Indeed, the necessity of conducting regular training sessions and educational seminars regularly emphasized by the clinical studies to ascertain proper positioning of NG tubes with the intent to avoid potential feeding complications following the tubal misplacement. The most important drawback of NEX tubal insertion includes dropping the lower end of the tube in patients esophagus with inappropriate frequency. This indeed, increases the scope of tubal misplacement leading to gastrointestinal complications. The literature review reveals the requirement of NG intubation in context to enteral feeding pertaining to the span of not more than six weeks duration. However, the utilization of evidence based approaches and methods for tubal insertion and feeding highly warranted by the nursing professionals to facilitate the intubation process and reduce the probability of tubal misplacement and its potential gastrointestinal complications resulting in life threatening morbidities among the patients population. Sample The study utilized a sample size of 40 registered nurses pertaining to intensive care unit for conducting the survey in terms of the research questionnaire requiring processing by the selected nurses within a timeframe of three weeks duration. The inclusion criteria of the research study followed the convention of contact the registered nursing professionals with exposure to nasogastric intubation services in the hospital setting. However, the non-registered professionals, retired nurses and interns were excluded from the research study. Only 31 registered nursing professionals were able to accomplish the survey questions in accordance with the provided instructions. Four of the registered nursing professionals excluded from the overall analysis because of their inability to process the research questionnaire in entirety. Indeed, three nurses did not receive the survey questionnaire due to their prescheduled vacation. Two of the nursing participants did not display interest in the survey and therefore, quitted and did not accomplish the provided questionnaire. The prior approval from ethics committee of the hospital obtained in context to initiating the study and informed consent forms provided to each participant for their approval with written commitment to retain confidentiality during and after the study duration. Procedure The recruitment of the nursing professionals executed through disseminating the following questionnaire in the sealed envelopes and the findings committed for publication in peer reviewed journal while retaining confidentiality of the nurses personal information, as committed in the informed consent form. How confident are you in inserting a Nasogastric tube? How comfortable are you in aspirating a nasogastric tube? How comfortable are you in feeding a patient via a nasogastric tube? How confident are you in flushing a nasogastric tube? How confident are you in positioning a patient for tube insertion? How well do you understand the common methods of checking NGT placement? How confident are you in checking for tube placement? How confident are you in accurately measuring the tube for insertion depth? How confident are you in supervising a colleague with the procedure of inserting a NGT? Would you like obtaining more training on this subject? Results The results obtained on a grade of 1 10 in terms of responses by the registered nursing professionals. Variables Grades Never Done Marginal Average Confident V. Confident How confident are you in inserting a Nasogastric tube 2 (6.4%) 5 (16.12%) 13 (41.93%) 6 (19.35%) 5 (16.12) How comfortable are you in aspirating a nasogastric tube 0 (0%) 5 (16.12%) 8 (25.8%) 7 (22.5%) 11 (35.48%) How comfortable are you in feeding a patient via a nasogastric tube 0 (0%) 2 (6.4%) 10 (32.2%) 9 (29%) 10 (32.2%) How confident are you in flushing a nasogastric tube 0 (0%) 1 (3.22%) 12 (38.70%) 7 (22.5%) 11 (35.48%) How confident are you in positioning a patient for tube insertion 0 (0%) 3 (9.67%) 8 (25.8%) 8 (25.8%) 12 (38.70%) How well do you understand the common methods of checking NGT placement 1 (3.22%) 6 (19.35%) 14 (45.16%) 5 (16.12%) 5 (16.12%) How confident are you in checking for tube placement 5 (16.12%) 7 (22.5%) 12 (38.70%) 4 (12.90%) 3 (9.67%) How confident are you in accurately measuring the tube for insertion depth 3 (9.67%) 5 (16.12%) 9 (29%) 9 (29%) 5 (16.12%) How confident are you in supervising a colleague with the procedure of inserting a NGT 10 (32.2%) 4 (12.90%) 6 (19.35%) 7 (22.5%) 4 (12.90%) Would you like obtaining more training on this subject No I Dont mind Yes Certainly I am trained 0 (0%) 11 (35.48%) 10 (32.2%) 10 (32.2%) 1 (3.22%) Discussion The study results indicate that most of the registered nursing professionals obtained an average score in almost entire study variables. More than nineteen percent of nursing professionals could insert NG tube confidently; however, almost forty-two percent scored average in terms of inserting nasogastric tube to the patients population. This indicates that greater percentage of nursing professionals capable in terms of executing NG tube placement policy and procedures, as evidenced by the clinical literature (Alpers et al, 2008, p. 352). Indeed, more than thirty-five percent of the nursing professionals displayed considerable confidence in terms of their comfort in aspirating nasogastric tube in various clinical scenarios. This indicates that these nursing professionals are proficient in context to aspirating the gastric contents to evaluate the residual feeding volume, delayed stomach emptying and patterns of gastric intolerance in terms of managing the enteral nutrition (Smeltzer e t al, 2007, p. 566). More than thirty-eight percent of registered nurses displayed confidence in positioning the patient for tube insertion. This indicates that these professionals are completely aware of the protocols of NG tube insertion in accordance with the documentation in evidence based clinical literature. Indeed, the correct positioning of the patient for NG tube insertion determined in context to assessing the clinical condition and selecting the precise distance of the enteral tube for evaluating its appropriate position following the successful insertion (Mallett et al, 2013, p. 1966). The appropriate positioning of the NG tube is of paramount importance to avoid any inadvertent insertion to brain or lungs, thereby leading to serious clinical complications. In fact, most of the nursing professionals exhibited confidence and comfort in feeding the patients through nasogastric tube. This indicates that nursing professionals are well aware of the entire feeding requirements through nasogastric i ntubation in context to the evidence based literature. Guenter Silkroski (2001, p. 156) reveal the paediatric indications for nasogastric feeding including infantile diarrheal syndrome, increased feeding time and malnourishment. The study results indicate that more than thirty-five percent of the registered nurses displayed confidence in terms of their potential in flushing the nasogastric tube. This clearly indicates that majority of the nurses are well aware of the technicalities and complications associated with nasogastric tubal flushing. Indeed, the practice of appropriate techniques for nasogastric tubal flushing highly warranted in avoiding fatalities associated with misplacement or inappropriate flushing of the nasogastric tube. Boyd (2013) describes the events of patients deaths associated with inappropriate flushing of nasogastric tubes prior to the confirmation of their initial placement leading to pulmonary trauma and consequent deaths of the treated patients. The results of the research survey reveal that more than sixteen percent of the study participants showed considerable confidence in practicing common methods of checking NGT placement in patients. However, more than forty-five percent of n urses stood average in their knowledge for evaluating the NGT placement. Allbee et al (2011, p. 501) reveal the prevalent techniques including hand aspiration, evaluation through stethoscope and injection of air through NG tube for confirming its appropriate placement inside patients stomach. Indeed, more than thirty-eight percent of the study participants scored average in terms of their confidence in evaluating the NG tubal placement. These findings indicate that the study participants display awareness in context to the tubal placement methodology; however, they still require further training to increase their confidence levels in terms of placing the NG tube to the respective patients for proactively avoiding potential complications related to the malposition of the NG tube due to errors in its placement. The study survey indicates that more than twenty nine percent of the study subjects confident in measuring the tube in terms of its depth of insertion. The clinical literature reveals the importance of determining the depth of NG tubal invasion with respect to the associated risk potential. Indeed, the standard procedure for determining NG tubal length in context to its placement includes the measurement from the ear until its tip placed inferiorly to the xiphoid process (Beebe Myers, 2010, p. 451). In fact, more than 12.90% nurses showed the potential for training and supervising their colleagues in the insertion of nasogastric tube. However, more than 32.2% professionals shared their willingness in obtaining further training to enhance their skills and expertise in nasogastric tubal insertion. The discussion of the study findings clearly reveals the importance of the relevant expertise, competence and skills among registered nursing professionals in inserting the nasogastric tube to the eligible patients. Indeed, the conditions of gastric inflation, gastric distension, gastritis and gastroesophageal reflux disease increase the probability of aspiration, vomiting and ventilatory compromise that require careful monitoring by the nursing professionals while inserting the NG tube in different clinical scenarios. The nasogastric intubation proves to be the method of choice for aspiring or feeding the patients experiencing intestinal insufficiency or drug intoxication. Furthermore, the nursing professionals bear the professional and moral responsibility to understand the potential contraindications and complications in context to NGT insertion to render quality of care while administering feed or medication through NG intubation. The clinical literature reveals that patients wit h potential esophageal stenosis or varices not subjected to receive nasogastric intubation. Additionally, patients predisposed to basilar skull fractures also should not receive NG intubation for feeding or medication. The application of lidocaine and nasal decongestant warranted prior to NGT insertion to facilitate the process and nursing professionals require in depth understanding in terms of administering these pre-medications to facilitate the NG tubal administration. Nursing professionals require considering the stiffness of NG tubes while inserting them inside the eligible candidates. Indeed, the stiff tubes can easily penetrate the gastrointestinal tract and reduce the risk of gastric or esophageal injury or misplacement into pulmonary location as evidenced by the clinical literature. The guiding principles of NG tubal insertion warrant the utilization of guide wire and radiologic intervention to ascertain the appropriate positioning of NG tube for avoiding potential complic ations following the malposition due to inappropriate insertion. Furthermore, the utilization of appropriate sterilization techniques and surgical equipments warranted to avoid the probability of occurrence of infectious manifestations following the tubal insertion. The measurement of the NG tube in relation to the length of intubation assists in proper placement following its systematic insertion. The patients require positioning in high fowler state in accordance with the physicians instructions prior to administering the NG tube following the medical necessity. The lubrication of the NG tube with anaesthetic gel required to induce local analgesia for reducing the pain experienced during the intubation process. The tube facilitated through patients wider nostril and directed to esophagus until it reaches finally to the stomach. The tube is fixated while decompressing the gastric contents prior to initiating feeding or medication. The tube requires regular maintenance by the nursin g professionals in terms of flushing with air or saline in timely intervals to avoid obstruction or clogging. The validation of appropriate positioning of NG tube executed with the application of additional tests including whoosh test, chest radiograph and pH analysis. Furthermore, the nursing professionals require evaluating NG tube periodically following the initial placement and particularly prior to each feeding, and in cases of triggering of coughing and vomiting for checking secondary infection following the insertion. The dislodgement of the NG tube requires immediate attention by the nursing staff for appropriate remedial action in context to avoiding trauma and discomfort to the patient. Indeed, the qualified nursing professionals require competence and knowledge in context to NG tubal insertion and maintenance in relation to the medical necessities requiring NG intervention to facilitate patients medication or feeding. Conclusion The study concluded with the findings indicating that most of the study subjects evaluated during the research survey displayed average scores in all variables accessed to evaluate their efficiency and knowledge in administering and maintaining the NG tube in context to patients medical necessities. This certainly indicates the need to conduct prospective educational campaigns and seminars with the intent of further educating the nursing professionals regarding potential complications and traumatic conditions following the NG tubal insertion. The skills and competence level of more than one-third of the nursing professionals remained below average in accordance with the findings of the study. This indeed, warrants further investigation through prospective multicentre research studies of longer duration and increased sample size to determine the exact knowledge gaps and deficit in potential and competence among registered nurses in terms of inserting and maintaining nasogastric tubes to the required patients population. The research survey further reveals that only 6.4% of the study candidates never had the change to insert NG tube to patients. This indicates that almost all of the research participants have experience to variable extents in context to nasogastric tubal placement. Furthermore, the findings of the study prove that all research participants had the opportunity to aspirate and flush the nasogastric tube during their professional tenure. This proves that all of the nursing professionals are proficient in aspirating NG tubes to variable proportion. Indeed, most of the study subject showed confidence e in terms of aspirating NG tube to the eligible patients. This indicates that the prospective training programs require more emphasis on the insertion and management of NG tubes rather than mere aspiration principles. The research survey concluded that 96.78 % of the nursing professions shown their willingness to attend the training program for enhancing their skills and expertise in NG intubation and management process. This further indicates the scope of conducting prospective interactive sessions and training programs for the nursing professionals in the wider context of enhancing their potential and quality of care while imparting NG tubes to the patients population. The study concluded with the finding that 12.90% of the research participants pertain to the section of senior nurses capable to supervise and impart training sessions to the junior nursing professionals. Indeed, the quantitative research study explored the competence level of nursing professionals in terms of insertion and management of NG tubes and retrieved the findings indicating wide range of awareness among registered nurses regarding administering the NG tubes to eligible candidates in context to their medical necessities. However, potential gaps in terms of study variables obtained indicating the lack of confidence between certain group of nurses in context to NG intubation and gaps in knowledge also explored in nursing groups with respect to accurately placing and positioning NG tube. Nurses also require training sessions to improve their skills and enhance knowledge regarding NG tubal feeding to the patients population. The research survey remained limited to a single clinical setting and explored the knowledgebase of very limited number of registered nurses. Therefore, the results of the research study are still debatable and the wider perspective of knowledge gaps between the nursing professionals in terms of NGT handling yet to be identified while conducting cross border studies across various hospital settings through disseminating research questionnaires and initiating face to face interactive sessions as well with the nursing professionals. The multiple findings through interview sessions and research questionnaires will assist the researchers in identifying the focus of the prospective skill enhancing training sessions for th e nurses with the intent to enhance their knowledge and expertise in context to handle NG tubes and their complications within the patients population. Most importantly, the senior nurses associated with the bigger surgical facilities across the globe require prospective assessment to determine their knowledgebase and precisely evaluate their potential in terms of identifying the areas of improvement in NG intubation. Indeed, the precision in nasogastric intubation will enhance the quality of care to the patients and assist in avoiding misplacement and malpositioning of the NG tubes due to errors in placement. Addressing these core issues in context to NG intubation by nurses will undoubtedly enhance the error free administration of NG feed and drugs while avoiding potential complications and injuries to the patients following the intubation. References Allbee, B.H., Marcucci, L., Garber, J.S., Gross, M., Lambert, S., McCraw, R.J., Slonim, A.D., Slonim, T.A. (2011). Avoiding Common Nursing Errors. USA: Wolters Kluwer Health. Alpers, D.H., Stenson, W. F., Taylor, B.E., Bier, D.M. (2008). Manual of Nutritional Therapeutics (5th edn.). Philadelphia: LWW. Altman, G. (2010). Fundamental and Advanced Nursing Skills (3rd edn.). New York: Delmar. Baillie, L. (2014). Developing Practical Nursing Skills (4th edn.). Florida: Tailor Francis. Beebe, R., Myers, J. (2010). Professional Paramedic Foundations of Paramedic Care Volume I. USA: Delmar. Boyd, C. (2013). Medicine Management Skills for Nurses. UK: Wiley-Blackwell Bullock, I., Clark, J., Rycroft-Malone, J. (2012). Adult Nursing Practice: Using Evidence in Care. United Kingdom: Oxford. Bullock, I., Clark, J.M., Rycroft-Malone, J. (2012a). Adult Nursing Practice: Using Evidence in Care. United Kingdom: Oxford. Fabbro, E. D., Baracos, V., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Bowling, T., Hopkinson, J., Bruera, E. (2010). Nutrition and the Cancer Patient. New York: Oxford. Fitzpatrick, J., Wallace, M. (2012). Encyclopedia of Nursing Research (3rd edn.). New York: Springer. Guenter, P Silkroski, M. (2001). Tube Feeding: Practical Guidelines and Nursing Protocols. USA: Aspen. Guenter, P Silkroski, M. (2001a). Tube Feeding: Practical Guidelines and Nursing Protocols. USA: Aspen. Hopp, L., Rittenmeyer, L. (2012). Introduction to Evidence-Based Practice: A Practical Guide For Nursing. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis. Indiana University School of Nursing. (2008). Current Methods Nurses Use to Place and Maintain Nasogastric and Orogastric Tubes. Undergraduate Research Journal For The Human Sciences. Viewed 23 March 2015. https://www.kon.org/urc/v7/quainoo.html. Kirby, D., Dudrick, S. (1994). Practical Handbook of Nutrition in Clinical Practice. USA: CRC. Kowalak, J. P. (2009). Lippincott's Nursing Procedures (5th edn.). Philadelphia: LWW. Lee, S., Mason, E. (2013). Competence in confirming correct placement of nasogastric feeding tubes amongst FY1 doctors. BMJ Quality Improvement Reports. doi:10.1136/bmjquality.u201014.w1198. Mallett, J., Albarran, J., Richardson, A. (2013). Critical Care Manual of Clinical Procedures and Competencies. UK: Wiley-Blackwell. Mills, E. J. (2006). Handbook of Medical-surgical Nursing (4th edn.). Philadelphia: LWW. Rosdahl, C.B., Kowalski, M.T. (2008). Textbook of Basic Nursing (9th edn.). Philadelphia: LWW. Smeltzer, S., Bare, B.G., Hinkle, J.L., Cheever, K.H. (2007). Brunner Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-surgical Nursing. Philadelphia: LWW. Tollefson, J. (2004). Clinical Psychomotor Skills: Assessment Tools for Nursing Students. Australia: Thomson.

National Identification System Essay Research Paper Should free essay sample

National Identification System Essay, Research Paper Should a national designation system in which each American? s DNA form is registered be established? Has the U.S. semen to the point where we have to invent a national designation system in which everyone? s DNA form is registered in a web of computing machines? I believe so, and the procedure of utilizing a individual? s DNA form for a national designation system is a really good thought. This designation system could be used to offer new occupations, put felons # 8211 ; who are guilty # 8211 ; in gaol, and besides provide people with medical information about themselves and their wellness. I believe utilizing a individual? s DNA form for a national designation system is a really good thought, even better than fingerprints. Although every human being is 99.9 % indistinguishable, that.1 % left makes a large difference between two people. By utilizing a genome of 3 billion letters? your Deoxyribonucleic acid concatenation? that ten percent ( . We will write a custom essay sample on National Identification System Essay Research Paper Should or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1 % ) is really three million separate links in your Deoxyribonucleic acid concatenation. That is how the difference between two people is figured out. I know it? s a hard procedure, but it can be really utile in our society today, and that is why I think it is a really good thought. Although the designation system is a really complicated affair it could open up doors for occupation chances, for people that qualify. Peoples that are qualified for the occupation might hold to be: computing machine literate, able to work long hours, dependable and trusty to run sophisticated and expensive machinery, and have a background of knowled Ge of the DNA concatenation and patterns among it. Besides, likely being a authorities funded occupation, benefits would be available, and the wage wouldn? T be excessively bad either. Fingerprints are really utile in burglary and belongings offenses, but what about a colza instance? Fingerprints wouldn? t be really utile in a colza instance, so DNA proving would hold to be done on seeds samples found at the scene of a offense. Fingerprint fluctuations are dramatic and were considered province of the art about 10 old ages ago, but non any more. Now we are capable of reading DNA forms, and DNA is a difficult thing to contend against in tribunal when a individual? s Deoxyribonucleic acid and the Deoxyribonucleic acid found at a offense scene are indistinguishable. Deoxyribonucleic acid forms are besides utile when seeking for diseases or types of malignant neoplastic disease that a individual might be capable excessively in their older age. So by utilizing DNA as a national designation system we could besides supply people with of import information about their wellness and what they are to surmise in the hereafter. Besides if a individual knew about a type of malignant neoplastic disease they might be capable excessively, they could state a physician and handle the malignant neoplastic disease before it comes about and be cured of the malignant neoplastic disease before it even started to consequence their life. Deoxyribonucleic acid forms, as a national designation system isn? t a bad thought. Having many good qualities, I? thousand sure there are bad qualities, but it seems like a really utile thought that could profit today? s society. So, I think a national designation system by utilizing a individual? s DNA form is a good thought and if came to the poles for election, would certainly acquire my ballot.

MIT Essay Essays - Ageing, Death, Eschatology, Immortality

MIT essay I may seem to be someone with many unconnected facets and talents once you have read all the other essays on this application. This essay is intended to slap together a few of the pieces of myself that I have displayed here. The human race is immortal ( that was a doozy wasn't it ). There is nothing that forces us to decay into old age and die, this is merely our body destroying itself once our purpose ( reproduction ) is complete. Evolution not only did not bother to select against genes that kill off people past 40, but to some degree selected for such genes: the faster we go through generations, the faster we evolve. If the genes that cause the changes we associate with old age were suppressed in some chemical way, we would be capable of eternal life. Another way to immortality would involve the building of a biomechanical body of some sort, something right out of a Terminator movie, that would support the brain with only the chemicals necessary to survival ( if we could determine which those are ) and thus avoid the effect of aging genes. All of this genetic, biochemical and hydraulic research would be based on knowledge gained in college. One other thing: we've all heard of cults that claim they hav e discovered immortality in some way, which supposedly have members who've lived 200 years. If there's even a shred of truth in any of that, my guess is that these 200 year veterans have managed to order their minds in some way ( through some arcane style of thinking perhaps ) that erased the biological clock. All in all, immortality is only one small thing that humans might be capable of. The strange abilities seen in autistic people, like incredible number crunching speed, really are not unique to autistic people. These abilities are buried deep in everyone's subconscious, and it is just a matter of our minds letting us use them or not. In fact, I think that along with those mathematical abilities are buried many more abilities. I feel sure that among them is perfect coordination, and there might be some really strange psychic or time-related abilities as well. The subconscious is driven by its creator, evolution. It is only concerned with reproduction. Evolution has erected a barrier between ourselves and our potential, and lets ability seep through to those who have desirable traits and are intended to reproduce. If we could somehow break this barrier to the subconscious, and obtain full conscious control of these abilities, we might suddenly have control of the world around us in addi tion to full control of ourselves. We would be a race of gods. I intend, through learning psychology and bioscience, through studying the creativity of fiction and the pure logic of AI, to reach for the connections that need to be made to understand and break this barrier.

Sample Essay - Coping With Congestive Heart Failure

Sample Essay - Coping With Congestive Heart FailureIf you are suffering from congestive heart failure, then it is important that you gain some information about the different symptoms and signs. Doing so will allow you to take better care of yourself, and prevent unnecessary complications.The main symptom of congestive heart failure is a problem with the flow of blood to the lungs and to the rest of the body. It can make the body's organs to function improperly. The circulation may be impaired or even stopped altogether. That would be bad news because there is a chance that the body will suffer with severe exhaustion.Many people will get the symptoms of cardiac diseases from an abnormal or slow heart rate. This usually happens when a person has a heart condition. They are not always aware of this though. They may have a normal heart rate when they are at rest, but an abnormally slow heartbeat when it comes to their recovery phase.They will likely feel breathless and sometimes heavy e xpiration. The heart will also be working harder than usual. If these things happen constantly and to you, it is better for you to consult your doctor immediately.If the heart is unable to pump properly, or if the only way it can pump enough blood is by means of a machine called a cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CPR is also known as cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This type of machine uses the rhythm of the patient's own pulse to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the body. If the patient is experiencing a cardiac arrest, he or she will experience a total loss of blood pressure.During the recovery phase, the patient will need to be treated with the proper nutrition and rest. Without a proper diet, the patient would begin to lose weight rapidly. That is something that is hard to recover from. Rest is important in the recovery phase, since it could mean death if the patient is not rested.There are a number of other symptoms and signs of heart failure in individuals suffering from cong estive heart failure. The list below is just a small sample:Coping with congestive heart failure will involve understanding the different signs and symptoms of the disease. It will also require that the patient understand the importance of making sure they are getting the right amount of nutrition, or they could suffer a lot more serious consequences.

Definition and Examples of Word Words in English

Definition and Examples of Word Words in English Definition Word word is a term coined by Paul Dickson to describe a word or name thats repeated to distinguish it from a seemingly identical word or name. A more formal term for a word word is duplicate reduplication,  lexical cloning, or  contrastive focus reduplication. See Contrastive Focus Reduplication in English (The Salad-Salad Paper), by Jila Ghomeshi et al., (Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 22: 2004).     See Examples and Observations below. Also see: DisambiguationAntistasisHomographHomophonePloceReduplicativeRepetitionSemantic Satiation Examples and Observations There are situations in which it is necessary to repeat a word in order to make sure someone knows what you are talking about. For instance, you might be asked, Are you talking about an American Indian or an Indian Indian? Or Oh, youre talking about grass grass. I thought you were talking about grass.From what I have been able to determine, there is no word for this phenomenon, and word word seemed to be a logical name to give it.(Paul Dickson, Words: A Connoisseurs Collection of Old and New, Weird and Wonderful, Useful and Outlandish Words. Dell, 1983) School-School[T]he writer, the person who knows the importance of holidays, clarifies: I dont mean school-school, I mean fun-learning!(Ho Chee Lick, Values and Daily Discursive Practices. Text in Education and Society, ed. by Desmond Allison et al. Singapore University  Press, 1998) Murder MurderHave you ever murdered anyone?Is this a philosophical question?I dont mean warfare. I mean murder, murder.(Kathryn Miller Haines, Winter in June: A Rosie Winter Mystery. HarperCollins, 2009) Soap SoapSoap gumdrops, soap cigars, soap pickles, soap chocolates, and even a bar of soap soap that dyed its user an indelible blue made life exciting for the friends of a Johnson Smith addict.(Jean Shepherd, A Fistful of Fig Newtons. Random House, 1981) Commitment and CommitmentIn relationships, theres commitment and commitment, the kind  that involves a license, usually some kind of religious blessing and a ceremony in which every one of your close friends and relatives watches you and your partner promise to stay together until one of you dies.(Aziz Ansari, Everything You Thought You Knew About L-o-v-e Is Wrong. Time, June 15, 2015) Woman-WomanThe crux of [Federica Monysenys] feminist message was that each and every woman should fulfill her own potential as a unique individual, as a woman-woman, not as a masculinized woman-man nor as a feminine woman-female.(Catherine Davies, Spanish Womens Writing, 1849-1996. Athlone Press, 1998) Indian IndianFor an Indian Indian, there simpl y isnt any future in an Anglo-Indian world.(Duleep in the novel The Jewel in the Crown, by Paul Scott. Heinemann, 1966) The Real MeaningRecently, I overheard someone say: You mean hes GONE gone? This person was asking whether the chap had actually gone for good, as opposed to just ducking out for a wee while. . . .In these examples, the copied expression points to the real or true meaning of the term referred to. You can usually rephrase the whole thing using modifiers like real or really. . . . [I]nstead of Hes GONE gone, you could say Hes really gone. Usually the repetition indicates that the literal meaning is intended.(Kate Burridge, Gift of the Gob: Morsels of English Language History. HarperCollins, 2011) Noun-NouningBy repeating a noun twice, one invokes the nouns generic form, its invariant-memory form. No, I dont want blue khakis with pleats. Just give me clean generic beige khaki-khakis. Or, Officer, Ive tried to remember what kind of car the getaway car was but I cant- it was just a car-car.(Douglas Coupland, Player One: What Is to Become of Us. House of Anansi Press, 2010) The Lighter Side of Word WordsDetective Charlie Crews: The girl at Lolas, she told me that the dead shoe store guy and the hat kiosk girl are in there a lot, together.Detective Dani Reese: Together together?Detective Charlie Crews: Together together.(Damian Lewis and Sarah Shahi, Black Friday. Life, 2008)

Public administration - nyc bike rules policy Term Paper

Public administration - nyc bike rules policy - Term Paper Example bicycling coalition, has moved to formulate the policy that can be implemented to reduce the number of accidents due to bike riders not following bike lane rules in NYC. Whereas there has been a significant level of focus put on the pedestrians’ involvement in the motor vehicle accidents, there has been little attention accorded to the pedestrians who become victims of cycling-related accidents.According to the NYC traffic rules and regulations section 4-12 (p), in the Department of Transportation Traffic Rules, the policy demands for compliance with the directions of the officers in charge of law enforcement All the initiatives set in action are coordinated and tracked through the bicycle programs within the transportation department, and aided by other agencies, among which is the parking and recreation department, the Department of city planning, the New York State Department of Transportation, and the New York City Economic Development Corporation. Following the occurrence of cyclist-related accidents, various patterns of injuries can be observed, including the injuries of the limbs, the abdomen and chest and head injuries. The failure of drivers to yield the correct way has been cited as a major factor contributing towards frequent bicycle crashes. In this respect, therefore, important measures can be put in place, where modifications and improvements can be made on the engineering solutions and the roadway designs. The move to design intersections for the purpose of encouraging correct roadway behaviors is important for both the cyclists and pedestrians in the dramatic reduction of accidents in the city. The failure of drivers to yield the correct way has been cited as a major factor contributing towards frequent bicycle crashes. In this respect, therefore, important measures can be put in place, where modifications and improvements can be made on the engineering solutions and the roadway designs. The NYC administration has been on the forefront in